Student: Sílvio de Souza Lôbo Júnior.
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LESSON PLAN
I. Topic:
Earth and Universe: Sundial.
II. Identification Data - Grade and Duration:
Grade: 5th year of Elementary School.
Duration: 70 minutes.
III. Objectives:
Gain knowledge about the Sun's movement during the day, and understand how this constancy governs our schedule.
Associate the Sun's position with the times during the Sun's daily movement, its duration, and speed.
IV. Contents:
Earth's revolution movement, and astronomical definition of day and night.
Time measurement.
V. BNCC Skill(s):
EF05CI11 Associate the daily movements of the Sun and other stars in the sky with the Earth's rotation.
VI. Methodological Procedures (detail the steps):
Take a paper plate and turn it upside down, so that its rounded side faces up.
Puncture the plate in the center as shown in figure 01 attached.
With the plate placed upside down, a straw should be inserted through the center, standing upright (see photo attached).
1st Step.
Make an arrow on the edge of the plate to remind you that this side should point in the direction where the sun rises.
Take the children to an open area where the sun shines, show them the direction the Sun rises, and place the plate on the ground. Remember to point the mark you made towards where the sun rises (this will be important later). See where the straw's shadow is, and mark the time on the plate using a pencil.
Secure the plate to the ground. If it's on soil, you can use sticks or pins to secure the plate to the ground. If it's on a paved patio, use tape.
2nd Step
Return to the classroom, the teacher should explain to the students the importance of time in the day, how there is a time for everything: waking up, eating, going to school, playing, and sleeping. Involve the child in an imaginary game about what the world would be like if there were no clocks.
Then explain that humans have always invented ways to understand time, and the first was observing where the Sun is during the day.
The child should understand that the Sun always rises in the same direction, East, and always sets in the same direction, West.
The teacher should explain that looking directly at the Sun is dangerous, but that we know where the Sun is in the sky just by looking at shadows. And that's why it's possible to make a clock that tells the time thanks to the shadow.
Return to the patio, see where the shadow is an hour later, and mark the new time on the plate.
The teacher can supplement the activity with the study of related content, such as the Earth's rotation in relation to the Sun.
3rd Step.
Return to where you left the paper plate. Show the children that the shadow is in a different place, note the time, and explain that you have made a clock, because the shadow will always return to that point on the plate at that time of day.
Encourage the child to do the experiment at home and bring the plate with several hours marked after a week.
VII. Teaching Resources:
Materials needed:
Paper plate.
Straw,
Puncturing tool to make a hole in the center of the plate.
If placing the plate on the ground, secure it with tape; if on soil, stick it into the ground with a stick.
VIII. Assessment:
Ask students to talk about the experiment, explaining what they understood from it, and if they notice the shadow changing during the day on trees, walls, and houses.
IX. Bibliography:
wikiHow. How to Make a Simple Sundial for Kids. Available at https://pt.wikihow.com/Fazer-um-Rel%C3%B3gio-de-Sol. Accessed on 05/17/2025.
X. Attachments:
Sundial
